KFC sot in China free essay sample

Tthe company owns and franchises more than 15,500 outlets in more than 100 countries (great diversification, expanding rapidly in high growth areas (i. e. China) By 2006, KFC had 1,700 restaurants in China, more than tripling in five years. Profit and sales figures saw increases of over 25 percent for some quarters, while comparable figures domestically were 1 and 2 percent. KFC significantly outsold McDonalds in China, and by 2006, KFC was opening a new Chinese outlet every 22 hours. Yum! s boss David Novak told Business Week (October 30, 2006) that he hoped to eventually have as many KFC restaurants in China as in the United States. There is no one else in China expanding at this level with the returns we are generating, he told the magazine. Thus while the U. S. market had continued to slumber for KFC in the years it had been run by Tricon/Yum! , overseas KFC was a powerful force. 300 new outlets opening over the next three to five years. We will write a custom essay sample on KFC sot in China or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The chicken chain, which already has 760 outlets in the UK, says it is doing good business during the recession as people are drawn to cheaper food successful innovations instituted in the companys international operations, was seen as a way for KFC to enter new markets. Delivery, drive-through, carryout, and supermarket kiosks were up and running. Other outlets in testing were mall and office-building snack shops, mobile trailer units, satellite units, and self-contained kiosks designed for universities, stadiums, airports, and amusement parks (KFC growing into more contemporary role) By 2002, Tricon had developed 1,375 multibrand stores. Tricon changed its name in 2002 to Yum! Brands, and it acquired two more restaurant chains, the seafood restaurants Long John Silvers, and the hamburger and root-beer chain AW. This opened up some more possibilities for multibranded stores. OLD FAVORITES, SAME LOCATIONS The use of multiple-branding whereby several restaurant chains operate at the same location is an attempt to draw more customers by offering a large number of items from which to choose. Chains that engage in multiple-branding can better absorb fixed operating costs, such as rent. Pepsico, owner of Taco Bell, KFC and Pizza Hut, has started co-branding where youll see a Taco Bell kiosk in a KFC store Weaknesses: Company not seeing Return on Assets with significant diversification into new product lines to capture new markets (drain of capital expenditure was not worth it) From YUM Brand Website: (Investor Relations) 75% of consumers eat less fried chicken due to health concerns 22% of consumers eat less KFC because they consider us too expensive 50% of consumers say that KFC is not on- the- go External: Opportunities: The world economy will grow 3. 1% in 2010, the IMF forecast in October, but the emerging market economies are expected to expand at a 5% rate. Diet foods dont work in the quick-service, or fast food, industry (Survey)-Majority of KFC’s menu is very unhealthy Value price meals are in,,,†more bang for your buck† (could see more value price meals/combos in the future for KFC) LARGER PORTIONS DO WORK – cost more but taste about the same as the regular models in an effort to attract more adults (survey) –another trend KFC could captailize on in gaining market share OLD FAVORITES, NEW LOCATIONS This trend will continue as increased competition and saturated markets cause fast food companies to become more creative in selecting their locations. (i. e.KFC’s moving into various big box retail stores) – KFC has been doing this to some degree, move into more various business, (i. e. Rona, Lowes’, Sport stadiums, etc.) Consumers in emerging markets demonstrate a greater propensity than those in developed markets to believe that international brands are of better quality than local brands, with only 30 percent of developing market respondents indicating that local brands are just as good as those internationally manufactured,† Emerging Market Context: KFC is considered the superior fast food chain among consumers in Egypt, South Africa and Asia/ â€Å"Global brands have a strong  functional foundation, as well as established marketing programmes, and local manufacturers may have a battle on their hands to catch up with the perceived quality of large global products (Americans) 18-29 year age segment lead in fast food eating at least once per week, almost 60% of this age group (U. S. market research survey) (Americans) 73% of Americans say they eat junk food because it is due to convenience (more locations, easier for consumers to access) (U. S. Market research Survey). The commodity analysis hold rating indicates that chicken should stay the same price over the short term Threats:  overall, fast-food chicken was no longer an expanding area, and at home (North America), KFC was stuck in flat or 2 to 3 percent sales growth While the financial services industries are fairly robust in many emerging market economies, bankers remain reluctant to lend (recent economic recession, financial industry hurting) Emerging Market. However, this doesn’t necessarily translate into purchasing behaviour, as almost 60 percent of these same consumers said they are more likely to buy a local brand over an international product if both are of equal price Not surprisingly, global fast food giant McDonald’s was seen as the preferred quick serve restaurant by most consumers surveyed in emerging markets High employee turnover in fast food business, Sometimes as much as 200%, these employees are the backbone of these companies, and with this amount of turnover, very costly to franchisee and/or companies to consistently retrain . High turnover due to many students working there for part time work , also very low pay Minimum wage is constantly increasing, especially in develop countries, hurts the bottom line (Americans) 66% of adults eat out once per week, however only 41% of adults eat fast food once per week (u. s. market research survey) chicken feed cost is substantial and can fluctuate over type

buy custom The Year that Changed the World Book by American Author Michael Meyer

buy custom The Year that Changed the World Book by American Author Michael Meyer The Year that Changed the World Introduction Michael Meyer was Newsweeks bureau chief for Balkans, Central Europe and Germany between 1988 and 1992. He wrote different stories on the dissolution of Socialist Europe and German union. Meyer concealed the revival of Solidarity Movement in Poland led by Lech Walensa; he also planned the Velvet Revolution together with Czech Vaclav Havel. Moreover, he was one of the last Americans who interviewed Romanian ruler. Therefore, he put pen to paper to create The Year that Changed the World: the Untold Story behind the Fall of the Berlin Wall. The author provides the reader with a hard-boiled reevaluation of the ground-breaking depth that disrupted the secret curtain in 1989. He restores the actions former to November, 9, 1989. During the time frame there was the increase of disappointments, confusions, and requests to act through Eastern and Central Europe in many places in neighboring series through the district. The atmosphere dragged the basics from under the socialist system so that, eternal and immovable as it appeared, it unexpectedly distorted underneath its own weightiness.

The Name of the Rose

The Name of the Rose The Name of the Rose The Name of the Rose By Maeve Maddox Spring is in the air so I feel like writing about flowers. One of my all-time favorites is the rose. Most people can quote Juliet’s comment about the name of the rose: Whats in a name? that which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet. And there’s Gertrude Stein’s â€Å"A rose is a rose is a rose.† Sometimes, however, a â€Å"rose† is not a rose. The rose family (Rosaceae) includes about 2,930 species in 95 genera. Among the 95 genera is the genus Rosa Linnaeus, which is divided into four subgenera, one of which is Rosa, the subgenus that Juliet and Gertrude had in mind. Roses have been shedding their fragrance on the air since before there were human beings to inhale it. The ancestors of the roses in modern gardens originated in the Tertiary Period, about 70 million years ago. Ancient Chinese and the Egyptian gardeners are believed to be the first to begin selective breeding of roses for color. Here’s a simplified example of the taxonomy of a rose, based on the USDA.gov site: Kingdom: Plantae (Plants) Division: Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants) Family: Rosaceae (Rose family) Genus: Rosa L. (the L. is for Linnaeus.) Subgenus: Rosa Common name: Rose Rosa contains from 100 to 150 species and thousands of cultivars, with more being introduced all the time. A cultivar is a plant variety that has arisen from cultivation. English rosarian David Austin, for example, has developed more than 190 rose cultivars since 1961. When shopping for roses, it’s enough to know the name of the cultivar. Some popular cultivars are ‘Knockout,’ ‘Peace,’ ‘Abraham Darby,’ ‘Queen Elizabeth,’ ‘Don Juan,’ ‘William Shakespeare 2000,’ and ‘Mr. Lincoln.’ When plants are identified by genus, species, and cultivar, the genus name is capitalized, the species name written in lowercase, and the cultivar name is enclosed in single quotation marks. To illustrate how the three terms are used, here are five plants whose common names contain the word rose, but which are unrelated to the rose of poetry. I’ve included the Family name to show that they do not belong to Rosaceae. In each three-word description, the first word is the genus, the second is the species, and the third is the cultivar. moss rose Family: Portulacaceae (aka Purslane) Example: Portulaca grandiflora ‘Happy Hour’ rose of Sharon Family: Malvaceae Example: Hibiscus syriacus ‘White Chiffon’ Lenten rose Family: Ranunculaceae Example: Helleborus  orientalis ‘Kingston Cardinal’ Christmas rose Family Ranunculaceae Example: Helleborus niger ‘Eva’ primrose Family: Primulaceae Example: Primula vulgaris ‘Arctic Mix’ Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Addressing A Letter to Two People16 Misquoted Quotations90 Verbs Starting with â€Å"Ex-†

Adobtion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Adobtion - Research Paper Example Open adoption has developed into being the norm in the United States for adoption of infants. In the past, closed procedures dominated adoption; it required that there be no transmission of information between the biological and adoptive parents regarding the adopted child. In general, the agency social workers took the mandate of determining who adopts the baby. This led to most people believing that the closed adoption was the norm. However, a number of pioneering agencies such as Lutheran Social Service and the nationwide independent adoption centre has led to the movement of change towards an open adoption. Currently, over 80% of domestic infants are adopted through the open adoption (Stein and Glen, 2007). It is clear that open adoption works to the best interests of the three parties involved: the biological parent, the adoptive parent and the adopted child (Myer, 2003). Since that in open adoption the birthparents become involved in their child life and contribute positively in raising the child. The birthparents play an important role in the open adoption by supporting the adoptive family and their child. When the birthparents apply for an open adoption, this will give them a sense of worth, instead of getting rid of their child. Moreover, the birthparents will have a role in the child’s life along with the adoptive parents. They will help the child during the hardest times in his\her life, better than the closed adoption (Silber 1). Unlike closed adoption, open adoption gives the adoptive parents all the answers their child might ask. In open adoption, both families became one family, because they are parenting the same child; as a result, they are considered as an extended family (Silber 1). They share love, care, and responsibility for raising the adopted child. These things may create goodwill between them. Besides that, they

Recycle (Indiana State recycle center) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Recycle (Indiana State recycle center) - Essay Example The center later turned into an educational center and a community-wide recycling center (ISU). Following the lecture about the recycling processes and the coverage of the recycling at Indiana University, I learnt that many materials, which I viewed as non-usable, are valuable resources that can be recycled for further use. Some of the materials that I discovered to be recyclable include news papers, old books, cardboards, waste paper, glass containers, plastic films and bags, metallic beverage cans, bottles and plastic containers. Before the lecture, I did not know that empty bottles – after using the contents they contain – could be used for a better course. Since the lecture, I started collecting all waste materials, and taking them to the neighboring recycling center – where they recycle all that is recyclable and effective dispose what they cannot recycle (Braungart and McDonough 47). Through the lecture on the recycling at Indiana University, I discovered t hat the heavy pressure on the production resources of the world could be reduced through recycling. For example, he explained that iron and aluminum deposits are reducing continually, but went further to explain that the waste cans that are disposed at the garbage collection area can be used to substitute the diminishing resource inputs. He gave us an example of plastic cans, demonstrating that the disposed cans are usually as good as new; therefore, through recycling these disposed containers, canning companies can reduce their costs of operation. Therefore, from the lesson, I learnt that recycling has many advantages, including that it reduces the pressure on production resources, reduces the impacts of waste disposal and reduces the costs of doing business – particularly in the area of sourcing for inputs (ISU). During the lecture, the agent from the recycling center explained the long term effects of recycling, including that it reduces the impacts caused by pollution on the environment. One example he used, made it clear to me that recycling is a channel for safeguarding the future of humanity. For example, when plastic cans and the waste materials from the health center are incinerated, they produce toxic smoke, which increases the rate of ozone layer depletion – which increases the levels of global warming. But in the case that these waste materials are not taken through the process of incineration, which uses a lot of energy and in some cases pollution-causing smoke, the waste can be recycled for newer use, over and over again. The recycling of the waster reduces the costs of producing new plastic cans and other plastic products; it reduces the energy levels consumed by industrial plants, and reduces the pollution caused by inappropriate waste material (ISU). Therefore, in the long term, the benefits of recycling reinforce the availability of resources, increase the sustainability of the environment and improve the profitability of differ ent enterprises. Through the lecture, I learnt that recycling can be practiced by all people, young and aged; poor and rich, as well as those in business and those that use the recyclable materials at home. For example, among the young, spoilt toys can be recycled for new plastic, and among the aged, many waste items like spoilt computers and vehicles can be surrendered for recycling. Among the poor, simple materials like paper bags

Psychology and Positive Reinforcement Essay Example for Free

Psychology and Positive Reinforcement Essay For this project if I had to design a study investigating the relationship between alcohol and violence, I would use the experimental method. The experimental method involves manipulating one variable to determine if changes in one variable cause changes in another variable. This method relies on controlled methods, random assignment and manipulation of variables to test a hypothesis (Cherry, n. d. ). The reason for this method is so I can put the test subjects in a controlled environment and monitor the affects of the alcohol and see if the alcohol consumed by the test subject allows them to display forms of violence. By using another method with the experimental method to get more results out of this study, I would also use survey research. Survey research is one of the most important areas of measurement in applied social research. The broad area of survey research encompasses any measurement procedures that involve asking questions of respondents. A survey can be anything that forms a short paper-and-pencil feedback form to an intensive one-on-one in-depth interview (Trochim, 2006). I would combine these methods to determine the outcome of the study and support my investigation of the relationship between alcohol and violence. For example, I would get four test subjects that would consist of two groups, two men and two women. I would have all subjects fill out a form that displays likes and dislikes and what makes them happy/ unhappy. I would then have one subject from each group would consume alcohol but all the drinks would be the color red each subject will be by themselves for the first hour in different rooms. After that hour they would be placed in room together and exam how the gamma-aminobutyric acid displays the affects of using their dislikes on their behavior after the consumption of alcohol. The strengths of this study would be finding the chemical in alcohol and what chemical inside of the human body that triggers the violent display. Also strengths for this method would be compilation of verifiable data and ethical compliance. But with all strengths you do have weaknesses; those weaknesses for these methods would be not having accurate reports for these methods and distortion of unreliable case studies. Also you may have test subjects that do not reflect the general population and him or her in fact have their own social issues that may reflect violence from the outcome of alcohol. The ethical consideration for this research would be no children, women that are pregnant, separation of a person with a criminal background and non-criminal background, test subjects are only to consume a certain amount of alcohol by their size and weight, and the test subjects are only to be tested in a controlled environment. The difference between negative and positive reinforcement is that negative reinforcement; is when a certain stimulus/item is removed after a particular behavior is exhibited. The likelihood of the particular behavior occurring again in the future is increased because of removing/avoiding the negative stimuli (Stangor, Chapter 7, 2010). For example: My son has choirs to do every day after school and does not like to do them. He does his choirs because if he does not he would not be able to play his video game. Positive reinforcement: is a very powerful and effective tool to help shape and change behavior. Positive reinforcement works by presenting a motivating item to the person after the desired behavior is exhibited, making the behavior more likely to happen in the future (Stangor, Chapter 7, 2010). For example: My daughter studied very hard on her spelling test and receive an A for passing it, for receiving that A on her test I gave her ten dollars for studying and doing a great job on her test. Using negative reinforcement on my son not doing his choirs helps him understand that you will not get anything in return for not doing your job after school. Using positive reinforcement for maintaining a positive path you will be rewarded for your accomplishments. The ethical standards are displaying a positive for doing something positive and a negative result for a negative behavior. For example, you cannot throw a rock at a car window and expect to get ice cream in return. That would be rewarding a person for doing a negative action. Also you cannot reward a person for cheating on a test by copying off of someone, excepting credit for someone else’s work instead of your own. When displaying these reinforcement methods it helps to create modifications of the behavior that’s displayed by the children from my example. When using these methods it creates a pattern for learning responsibility. Learning responsibilities helps form other positives paths to encourage a person to be more motivated nd become successful. The theory that best fits my psychological thought would be the behavior theory and also the developmental theory. The behavior theory also known as behaviorism is a theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning. The developmental theory: Theories of development provide a framework for thinking about human growth, development, and learning (Trochim, 2006). The way I see psychology I believe that it starts with these theories first. Understanding human behavior and the development of behavior helps me better understand the mentality of people. Psychology is a very broad field that deals with all aspects of life, from a social stand point, economical stand point and environmental stand point. Psychology helps us understand why we do the things that we do, for example culture of honor. A term that is defined by responding to insults with aggression or catharsis observing or engaging in less harmful aggressive actions that will reduce the tendency to aggress later in a more harmful way (Stangor, Chapter 14, 2010). These psychological theories of behaviorism cannot be studied without developmental theories to help understand these patterns and create determination to why we do things. Give us a better understanding, in other words casual attribution; determining the causes of people behavior (Stangor, Chapter 13, 2010). Our social cognition is set to predict behaviors, but how can we predict behaviors if we do not develop ways to understand it. Basically prejudging or stereotyping these behaviors. It is nothing in psychology that would have me to believe that the research that is provided is not true. Everything that I have studied, I either have done or seen done; our attitude another behavior that we exhibit and in my opinion would be the core to behaviorism. It displays any feelings that we have towards people, work ethic, environment, and our social representation. First I would have to define the disorder by observing the dysfunctional pattern of thought, emotion, and behavior. Next I would exercise the bio-psycho-social model of the illness; to help me understand the disorder. Using the DSM-IV-TR, I would look for any psychological history and use of the Axis IV check for social or environmental problems, such as homelessness, divorce, school problems, or other stressors present. Also I would use Axis I and V to determine if this person is suffering from mood, anxiety, or learning disorders; is this person at risk of hurting him or herself and others (Stangor, Chapter 13, 2010). The disorder I have discovered that my client has is anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorder is a psychological disturbance marked by irrational fears, often of everyday objects and situations. The treatment I would use to help my client would be antianxiety medications; drugs that help relive the fear of anxiety. Also I would use biomedical therapies; treatments that are designed to reduce psychological disorder by influencing the action of the central nerves system. This method would involved the use of medication but also include direct brain intervention with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT0, psychosurgery, and transcranial magnetic stimulation (Stangor, Chapter 13, 2010). These methods of therapy would help my client be more at ease with their disorder. The ethical obligations of the psychological professionals would be that. Psychiatrists are physicians with specialized knowledge of mental illness and its treatment. Psychiatrists share the same ethical ideals as all physicians and are committed to compassion, fidelity, beneficence, trustworthiness, fairness, integrity, scientific and clinical excellence, social responsibility, and respect for persons. Psychiatrists endeavor to embody these principles in their diverse roles as diagnosticians, treating physicians, therapists, teachers, scientists, consultants, and colleagues (Principles of Ethics and Professionalism in Psychiatry, n. d. ).

The Coldest Winter Ever :: essays research papers

Debut novel by hip-hop rap artist Sister Souljah, whose No Disrespect (1994), which mixes sexual history with political diatribe, is popular in schools country-wide. In its way, this is a tour de force of black English and underworld slang, as finely tuned to its heroine's voice as Alice Walker's The Color Purple. The subject matter, though, has a certain flashiness, like a black Godfather family saga, and the heroine's eventual fall develops only glancingly from her character. Born to a 14-year-old mother during one of New York's worst snowstorms, Winter Santiaga is the teenaged daughter of Ricky Santiaga, Brooklyn's top drug dealer, who lives like an Arab prince and treats his wife and four daughters like a queen and her princesses. Winter lost her virginity at 12 and now focuses unwaveringly on varieties of adolescent self-indulgence: sex and sugar-daddies, clothes, and getting her own way. She uses school only as a stepping-stone for getting out of the houseafter all, nobody's paying her to go there. But if there's no money in it, why go? Meanwhile, Daddy decides it's time to move out of Brooklyn to truly fancy digs on Long Island, though this places him in the discomfiting position of not being absolutely hands-on with his dealers; and sure enough the rise of some young Turks leads to his arrest. Then he does something really stupid: he murders his wife's two weak brothers in jail with him on Riker's Island and gets two consecutive life sentences. Winter's then on her own, especially with Bullet, who may have replaced her dad as top hood, though when she selfishly fails to help her pregnant buddy Simone, there's worsemuch worseto come. Thinness aside: riveting stuff, with language so frank it curls your hair. (Author tour) -- Copyright  ©1999, Kirkus Associates, LP. All rights reserved. --This text refers to the Hardcover edition. Book Description Renowned hip-hop artist, writer, and activist Sister Souljah brings the streets of New York to life in a powerful and utterly

Bridewealth and the American Culture

Bridewealth and the American Culture Family and personal assets affect the choices we make in picking the right mate in Western Culture. The ways we view these issues influences are dating practices, and marriage choices. Evolutionary theory predicts certain mannerism that should influence dating. Most of the time evolutionary theory is reflected in mating practices. Mating choices are also affected cross-culturally in other ways like with the Kipsigis and bridewealth. Choices we make for dating and marriage prospects rate differently according to sex and culture. The evolutionary theory predicts that women will value financial prospects higher than men do (Boyd, 2006, 461). Because women have a larger parental investment in a child, they want to be with a mate who will be able to take care of them. In David Buss' research he found that knowing a persons culture rather than gender will indicate preferences except for good financial prospects(Boyd, 2006, 465). For men in Western Culture good financial prospects are lower on their list and good looks is higher. This may be because women who are more attractive to them give the signal that they are less likely to have diseases, and possible based on their body type may be more fertile. Men and women also differ in the preference for the age of their partners. Men tend to date younger women while women date older men. This relates to the evolutionary theory because men’s fertility only slightly decreases with age, while women fertility ends as they reach menopause. It would make sense in evolutionary terms for men to choose women who have the ability to have children and are therefore younger. In actual practice men do choose women that are younger but not all of them are able to have children. â€Å"Older men may desire younger women, but they may also want to find someone who shares their tastes in music, has similar goals in life, and so on† (Boyd, 2006, 462). They may also settle with knowing that they may only be able to date women who are closer to their own age. In Kipsigis culture bridewealth is practiced. Bridewealth is payment giving to the father of the bride from the groom’s father. The payment, tendered in livestock and cash, compensates the bride’s family for the loss of her labor and gives the groom rights to her labor and the children she bears during her marriages† (Boyd, 2006, 468). It is almost like an investment. The more a woman is â€Å"worth† the higher the bridewealth. A woman is also expected to return to her family during the harvest and a higher bridewealth may be paid if the families are too far apart. Higher br idewealth is also paid for women who have had their first menstruation. This also fits in with evolutionary theory that women have a set timeline for having children. As a woman is younger they may be fit to have more children. A plumper woman will fetch a higher the bridewealth as well. Thinness in animals reflects less of ability for children and these views are reflected in the Kipsigis people when they choose women who have more body. In Western culture bridewealth is not common. Typically the bride’s family is expected to pay for much of the wedding reflecting more of a dowry. In both cultures typically the more desirable the woman’s assets are, the better choices of bridewealth or financial prospects. Mating choices and preferences can very from culture to culture. There is one thing that all cultures have in common which is that females prefer a partner with better financial ability. Evolutionary theory favors mating choices that will produce the most amount of fertility. For the Kipsigis this is seen in the healthier plump women and young women who have the ability to have more children. In Western society men rate attractiveness higher than women and often choose younger women as well even if it doesn’t increase fertility. Our mating choices are based on our gender and culture. References Boyd, Robert, & Silk, Joan B. (2006). How Humans Evolved (4th ed. ). New York: W W Norton & Company.

Pastor as Person †A Review Essay

As the title itself suggests, the whole thrust is on the personhood of the pastor. At the start (Chapter Two), stress is given to highlight the need for new approach in ministry. Although it was not directly stated, the idea was pointed out when Tom, a pastor, received a letter from his alma mater concerning the seminary’s plan to include into its curriculum a subject called The Person in Ministry. As the conversation of the characters progressed, and at the same time their personalities somewhat introduced briefly in chapter one, the theme of the entire book becomes more in focus. Indeed, as Gary L. Harbaugh was trying to highlight from the very outset, even the person behind the pulpit Sunday after Sunday is a real person with the characteristics of a normal human being with almost the same things to cope in life, if not exactly identical. The way the five pastors were presented – Tom Daniels, Joan Russel, Paul Denning, Chris Campbell, and John Jeffrich – in the first chapter seems to stress the fact of the human side of ministers in general. Although the tone of the author, all along, was to paint an honest appraisal of the pastor, and at the same time with the intention of helping his readers realize the impossibility for those among the ordained clergy to perform their lifetime duties effectively without comprehending their frame as human beings, more often than not, the overall expectation from the ministers is very unrealistic. And so, Harbaugh, in this book, incorporated all necessary studies/sciences which for him might yield a more comprehensive and more accurate portrayal of the minister as human specie. Through the lenses of philosophy, theology, psychology, and anthropology, the pastor was presented – not as someone who is above the rest, but someone who is very much like those considered rank and file (Harbaugh, 1985). At the last paragraph of the book, Dr. Harbaugh expressed his hope that upon reading, the reader (presumably, a minister) is â€Å"affirmed† and now having gained valuable insights into his/her personhood, with fresh outlook, the remaining years of ministry will not be anymore burdensome but promising instead. In Chapter Two, Harbaugh highlights the reality that the pastor is not only a spiritual person but physical as well. He experiences stress and at times may be subjected to bouts of â€Å"burnout. † King Hezekiah of the Old Testament was mentioned as an object lesson of a person dealing with stress. The author pointed out that there are correct responses to stressors and pressures, although unfortunately, pastors usually opted for what Dr. Harbaugh called as the pastor’s â€Å"common reactions† to stress. To really experience growth in life and in faith, one has to face his/her responsibilities and do everything within his/her ability to do, and at the same time, one has to accept his limitations that he/she cannot possibly do everything even while doing and employing the best possible means within his/her ability. As Dr. Harbaugh said, using the well familiar hymn, â€Å"Christ is the solid rock on which† ultimately, our â€Å"holistic response to stress can stand. † Moreover, the pastor also is an intellectual being. He thinks. This is the emphasis of the third chapter. While it is true that there are similarities, or things common among those in the clergy, Harbaugh maintains the individuality of the pastor (Harbaugh, 1985). This means that each pastor is different and hence must be dealt with individually. A right balance must be maintained between the pastor’s vocation and his personal/family life. Dr. Harbaugh, in Chapter Four, introduced Ptr. John Jeffrich. Through Jeffrich’s personality, Harbaugh presented a pastor just like anybody else reacting and full of emotions. Indeed, one cannot empathize with others without having gone through the same griefs which other people have gone through. â€Å"Weakness is strength† (Harbaugh, 1985). The remaining chapters – 5 and 6 – are expansions, further explorations of previous chapters. How the pastor should deal with different issues as he/she relates to other people. In summary, the pastor should learn to accept everything that he/she is – with strengths and weaknesses. As a pastor, he/she is chosen by God for the people of God.

Management Essays (2119 words) - Management, Administration

Management Essays (2119 words) - Management, Administration CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1Background of the study Management is an essential part of an organization which helps to achieve all its goals and objectives with the right use of resources physical and financial with the appropriate use of management functions such as planning, organizing, staffing, leading, controlling, communicating, coordinating, supervising, motivating, directing, etc. The concept of management represents a team, class or section of people in various managerial functions. All the managers from the chief executive to the first line supervisors collectively come under management. Generally, it represents a group consisting of BODs, managers and supervisors. In practical sense these managers are involved in creative and instructional works which are essential for efficiency of the organization. Except in small scale organizations, more managers are appointed to different departments and branch offices to bring smoothness and uniformity in organizational performance. For this purpose, management hierarchy is divided into different levels and in each level a manager or head is appointed. He is responsible for all the activities of the concerned department or section. The concept of division of management into different levels has developed to distribute both authority and responsibility into various levels. In large organizations; it is not possible for a manager to manage all the organizational performances without distributing to subordinates. Hence, according to nature and size of the organization, management system is divided into mainly three levels, they are: Fig 1.1 Managerial level 1.1.1.Top Level Management: This level is also known as a key or brain of the management. They take their authority directly from owners. Generally, top levels management is constituted with a management committee elected directly from shareholders as members of board of directors. This level consists of managing director or general manager. The following are the major functions of this level: It defines the overall objectives of the organization. It sets up organizational structure to complete the work in efficient and systematic manner. It directs, co-ordinates and leads to all the members of the organization. It appoints departmental managers and guides them to their works. It exercise overall control to all the authorities of the organization. It evaluates and reviews the performances of all departments and takes necessary steps to achieve organizational goals. 1.1.2. Middle Level Management: This is the second or intermediate part of the management. This level of management consists of departmental heads like personnel manager, production manager, marketing manager, finance manager and similar other positions. In some big organization, this level of management may have two layers i.e. senior and junior middle levels managements. Heads of the department come under senior level whereas branch heads are under junior level management. The following are the functions of this level: It plays the role of mediator between top level management and first line management. It implements the plans and policies laid down by the top level management to lower level management and information about achievement and problem of lower level management is given to the top level management. It prepares departmental plans and strategy on the basis of guidance and information from top level management. It designs organizational set-up, divides work among the subordinates and maintains coordination among them. It delegates organizational set-up, divides work among the subordinates and maintains coordination among them. It delegates authority and responsibility to the lower level management. It makes provision of training, work-shop, seminar and other activities for the development of working efficiency of the employees. It submits report of achievement of works are recommended value suggestion to the top level for the overall development of the organization. 1.1.3. Lower Level Management: This is also known as first line or operating level management. It is directly involved in daily operations of the organization like production, marketing, financing, etc. This level consists of supervisors, foreman, sales officers, account officers, superintendents, and other operational heads. The following are the functions of this level of management: It makes day-to day plans to implement plans laid-down by middle level management. It distributes responsibilities and duties to the employees. It provides necessary instruction and guidance to do the work in the best possible way. It manages facilities to operate and create better environment for work. It performs the function of channel of communication between middle level management and the operating level employees. It submits the report of achievement of performance to middle level management. 1.2Statement of the Problem Organizations are said to be one of the

Applying psychological perpective to a case study

Applying psychological perpective to a case study The aim of this report is to apply psychological perspectives of human growth and development to a specific case study. To demonstrate an understanding of psychological theories of human behaviour with regards to a specific stage in life and to identify ways in which these theories underpin the social work profession. This report will analyse the case of Tina with primarily giving the history and evidence of the case. The report will then explain the possible psychological explanations for Tina’s behaviour, followed by a conclusion and the recommendations the social worker may advise in order to assist Tina. Case history/sequence of events It would appear from Tina’s background she had a difficult upbringing and this appears to have stemmed from her mother leaving when she was three years old. She was left in the care of an abusive alcoholic father and there appears to be significant amount of neglect from her father and issues with poor standards of hygiene. Although, this evidence is from a former friend, both Tina and her brother John were placed on the Child Protection register. Tina was sexually active in early adolescence which then lead to her having a baby at fourteen years old but the baby was taken into emergency foster care as there was evidence of neglect and physical abuse. When Tina was eight months pregnant her GP referred her and her boyfriend Tom to social services due to concerns about their ability to cope with the unborn child because of her previous history. When the social worker visited the family home she reported the conditions of the flat, which is on the fourteenth floor, were unacceptable due to poor standards of hygiene and no signs of preparation for the unborn child. Tom was extremely unreceptive towards the social worker. The social worker received a call from the hospital two days after Tina and Tom had their baby as Tina was seen by staff at the hospital to smack the baby. Psychodynamic explanations of human beha viour Freud’s psychodynamic theory is widely used in the social work profession and is extremely valuable when attempting to understand the relationship between feelings, emotions and behaviour. From a Freudian perspective there appears to be significant evidence surrounding Tina’s childhood experiences and the difficulties she experienced could relate to how her behaviour is affecting her capabilities in looking after her baby. According to Freud (1938) disturbances in the five stages of psychosexual development in childhood could result in abnormal behaviour in adulthood. Perhaps the most important crisis point in these stages is the phallic stage which occurs around the age of three and therefore, does relate to the age when Tina’s mother abandoned her. Freud (1923) would suggest this may cause the child to repress the sexual and aggressive urges into the unconscious causing problems later in life. He suggests children will internalise aspects of their parent ’s standards and would follow what their parents do with regards to aggression and other forms of anti-social behaviour. From a Freudian point of view, it could be argued Tina is exhibiting the same behaviour as her father with being over sexualised and her aggressive behaviour is being displaced unto her newborn baby. Therefore, it would appear the social worker could use the Freudian view of Tina’s behaviour, as it could relate to the disturbances she encountered in her childhood and more specifically the abuse and neglect from her father.

Wal-Mart's German Misadventure - case study Term Paper

Wal-Mart's German Misadventure - case study - Term Paper Example Indeed, proper global marketing if implemented correctly has the  ability  to guide a company to the next level. Different  strategies  are employed based on each specific region where  the company is operating (Ocampo, 1). For example, McDonald's varies its operation and attitude towards business based on their restaurants’ location. The company identifies the popular items within a given country and then focuses on marketing the same. Global marketing is particularly important for business organizations that provide products as well as services possessing a universal demand. McDonald’s success story can be well illustrated through the presentation of some simple statistical evidences: in fact, â€Å"McDonald’s is now the â€Å"leading global food service retailer† with 33,000 local restaurants and serving almost 68 million people in119 countries each day (Introduction to McDonald’s)†. ... The following report illustrates the case of Wal-Mart, the world’s biggest retail chain that struggled to concrete its feet in Germany, incurring huge loss and experiencing successive obliteration from the German market. Overview and Background of the case company- Wal-Mart Stores, INC is an American public stock company, which is into a business that runs a chain of warehouse stores and discount departments worldwide. Sam Walton founded it in 1962 and since then, the company hasn’t stopped growing, increasing its stores number from 24 in 1967 to 276 in 1980. Nowadays, the company operates in 4400 stores in the US only and has expanded its activities internationally. The company integrated the NYSE (New York Stock Exchange) in 1972. Moreover, Wal-Mart has all over 8500 stores in the entire world under 55 different names such as in Mexico where it operates as Walmax, in Britain it operates as Asda likewise Seiyu in Japan and as Best price in India. It has been successful in implementing their concept globally, ranking among the top retailers in the various countries they operate in. In act, after it has started its globalization plans in the 90s, Wal-Mart became by 2003 the largest retailer in Mexico, Canada, Argentina and Puerto Rico. The organization was started as a single store, which soon became the largest retail shop of the world. Thanks to its prolific success, the organization is called the â€Å"TREND SETTER† in retail chain shops by some researchers. Furthermore, Wal-Mart operates each store from the product, which they have in stocks. Wal-Mart has a philosophy of providing lowest price everyday or EDLP and superior customer support. This company uses its unique cross-docking inventory system, which reduces the